Mariupol

Mariupol - a city of regional importance in Ukraine, Donetsk region. Located on the shores of the Azov Sea, at the mouth of the Kalmius River. The population is 453,623 inhabitants (2016).

Significant port and industrial center of the country. There are two large metallurgical combines in the city (Mariupol Iron and Steel Works named after Ilyich and Azovstal) and the largest machine-building enterprise in Ukraine, AzovMash Concern, whose products make up a significant part of Ukraine's exports. The industry of Donetsk region has a share of Mariupol - 37.5%, in Ukraine - about 7%.

The area of ​​the compact settlement of the Greeks of the Azov Sea. Climatic and mud resort.

Location

Mariupol is located in the South of the Donetsk region on the Azov Sea, at the mouth of the Kalmius River. The city occupies an area of 166.0 km².

Climate

Moderately continental with frequent droughts and storms in the summer and thaws, misty in winter. Annual precipitation is 400 mm. Climatic conditions allow growing in the suburbs of Mariupol heat-loving crops with a long vegetative period (sunflower, melons, grapes), but in the region there is scarce water resources. For the needs of the population and industry, rates and reservoirs are used.

History

The modern settlement at the mouth of Kalmius was founded in the 16th century by the Zaporizhzhya Cossacks as a guardhouse of Domaha for the protection of winterers, crafts and routes from the attacks of the Crimean Tatars. The materials of the archives of Kosh Nova Sich testify that in the XVIII century under the guise of Domaha grew Kalmius settlement, in which, thanks to the efforts of Colonel Andrew Powdery in 1754, a stone St. Nicholas Church was built. That is, taking advantage of the then European traditions, which tied the notion of the city to stone buildings, in particular temples, this year can be considered the founding of the city. According to the well-known historian of Eastern Ukraine Vasyl Pirko.

Healthcare

70 medical, health and medical institutions - hospitals, polyclinics, sanitary-epidemic stations, blood transfusion station, emergency and emergency medical station, sanatorium, sanatorium-preventive treatment, regional center for social services for pensioners and invalids, city centers: gastroenterological, thoracic surgery, bleeding , pancreatic, eye microsurgery. Central swimming pool hospital on water transport, etc.

Culture

Today Mariupol is the second most important city in the Donetsk region (after Donetsk), the tenth in terms of population in Ukraine. It has a long history (Mariupol is the first settlement on the territory of the Donetsk region, which received the status of the city in 1779), is the "metallurgical capital" of Ukraine, a regional resort, has repeatedly received higher places in Ukrainian rankings for landscaping, etc.

Education and science

There are 2 state universities, 3 institutes, 2 academies, 6 technical schools, 4 colleges in the city. There are 81 general educational establishments, including 67 secondary schools (48,500 pupils study), 2 gymnasia, 3 lyceums, 4 evening shift schools, 3 boarding schools, 2 private schools, 11 vocational schools (6 274 students), 94 preschool children institutions (12 700 children).